Construction of the cathedral began in 1440 on the west side of the castle. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, commissioned the project, and architect Peter von Pusica designed it. Initially dedicated to St. Mary, the church officially consecrated in 1460 marked a significant moment in its history. However, in 1479, the Order of the Knights of St. George established their headquarters in Wiener Neustadt, leading to the church being rededicated to Saint George.
After the dissolution of this chivalric order in 1600, Cistercians took over care of the church. Later, the Piarists assumed responsibility for its upkeep. Unfortunately, the church and castle suffered damage from fires in 1608 and 1616. Nevertheless, Maximilian III oversaw extensive repairs that restored the buildings.
The establishment of the Theresian Military Academy on December 14, 1751, closely linked the church to the military school in the castle. During World War II, tragedy struck on March 12, 1945, when bombing severely damaged the cathedral. This attack led to the complete destruction of both the castle and the church. Reconstruction efforts began in 1946 and concluded in 1958.
In 1963, the church became the seat of the Military Ordinariate of Austria, earning cathedral status. Subsequently, on December 13, 1967, it received the honored title of minor basilica. Today, St. George's Cathedral stands as a symbol of resilience and faith within the community.
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