Papal Basilica of St. Mary Major, Liberian Basilica, Rome, Italy
The Basilica of Saint Mary Major (Italian: Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore) is one of Rome’s four major papal basilicas. Known also as Santa Maria delle Nevi, it is the largest Marian church in Rome. It is also one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome and holds great religious importance. The basilica has attracted pilgrims for centuries due to its historical and spiritual significance.
Within the basilica, visitors find the venerated image of Salus Populi Romani. This image depicts the Blessed Virgin Mary as the health and protectress of the Roman people. Pope Gregory XVI granted the image a canonical coronation on 15 August 1838. He also issued the papal bull Cælestis Regina on the same day. This image’s status highlights the church’s deep connection to Rome’s religious identity.
Although the basilica is located within Italian territory, it is not part of Vatican City State. The Lateran Treaty of 1929 established that the Holy See owns the basilica. Italy legally recognizes the Holy See’s ownership. The treaty also grants the basilica diplomatic immunity, similar to a foreign embassy. This unique status underscores the basilica’s importance in Rome.
The Basilica of Saint Mary Major stands as a testament to Rome’s rich religious history. Visitors come from around the world to admire its architecture and historical significance. The powerful presence of the Marian image within the church attracts people seeking inspiration and reflection. The basilica’s beauty and importance continue to make it a central landmark in the city.
The Papal Basilica of St. Mary Major, also known as the Liberian Basilica, is well connected by air, rail, and bus, making it accessible for visitors traveling to Rome, Italy.
Airways
The nearest major airports are Leonardo da Vinci International Airport (Fiumicino), approximately 30 km from the basilica, and Ciampino Airport, which is around 15 km away. Both airports offer direct train and bus connections to Rome's city center. From there, visitors can take a taxi or public transport to reach St. Mary Major, located about 3 km from the central station.
Railways
Rome’s main railway station, Roma Termini, is just a short distance from St. Mary Major, about 1 km away. Visitors can walk to the basilica in approximately 10-15 minutes. Alternatively, public buses and taxis are available at the station for a quick ride.
Bus Travel
The basilica is well-served by Rome's extensive bus network. Multiple bus lines stop near the basilica, including routes that pass through the city center. Buses from various parts of Rome bring visitors close to the basilica, making it easy to plan your journey based on your starting point.
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